Cow-Calf Breakeven Calculator · guide

Breakeven calf price per cwt: what a cow really costs, and why hay and weaning rate decide it

Short answer: divide a cow's yearly cost by the hundredweight of calf she actually weans. The calculator does it for your own numbers and shows which line to attack first.

Everything below is arithmetic on invented numbers. Not financial, tax or veterinary advice. Costs and prices belong to your operation and your market. No warranty.

A worked cow

Two tons of hay at $140, $60 supplement, $200 pasture, $35 health, $45 bull, $90 labor and equipment, $60 other, and a 12 percent replacement rate on $1,800 cows that sell as culls at 1,300 lb and $100 per cwt.

Hay is the line that moves

At 2 tons per cow each $10 per ton is $20 per cow. Hay at $210 (1.5x) cuts the margin to $240.00 and lifts breakeven to $200.41; at $280 (2x) the margin is $100.00 and breakeven is $229.34.

Weight and weaning rate

Each extra pound at weaning is worth $2.20 per cow, each point of calves weaned $13.75. Five points more weaned (93 percent) lifts the margin to $448.75 and drops breakeven to $162.27. A dry year, with hay at $220, calves at $200 and 82 percent weaned, turns it into a loss of $88.00 per cow, $8,800.00 over 100, with breakeven at $219.51. Try it with the dry-year herd button in the calculator.

How to measure your own numbers

Common questions

What is a breakeven calf price?

The price per hundredweight at which a cow's calf pays her year's costs. On the default numbers it is $171.49 per cwt: $830 of cost divided by 4.84 cwt of calf weaned per cow exposed.

What matters most, hay, weight or weaning rate?

On these numbers, one extra point of calves weaned is worth $13.75 per cow and one extra pound at weaning $2.20, so five points of weaning rate ($68.75) is worth about the same as 31 lb of weight. A $35 per ton rise in hay costs $70 per cow.

Is this advice?

No. It is arithmetic on invented numbers; check every figure against your own records. Not financial or veterinary advice. No warranty.